Browsing by Author "Benites Alfaro, Elmer"

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Microplastics in water and their influence in the species Chelon labrosus
(LACCEI Inc., 2021-07) Chacón Aranda, María F.; Fanarraga Tasayco, Gianella B.; Castañeda Olivera, Carlos A.; Benites Alfaro, Elmer; Acosta Suasnabar, Eusterio H.
IThe presence of microplastics in water negatively affects marine species, and sufficient measures must be taken to eradicate marine pollution. Ingestion of microplastic particles (MP) affects organisms, including organ damage, gastrointestinal obstruction and growth restriction. Thus, this research evaluated the presence of microplastics in the marine species Chelon labrosus (thicklip grey mullet) from the fisherma’s wharf of Chorrillos in Lima, Peru. The study followed a protocol for sampling and analysis of microplastics in surface marine waters, where six samples (M1, M2, M3, M4, M5 and M6) of Chelon labrosus of different sizes (small, medium and large) were chosen and worked with their digestive tract. The visualization and identification of microplastics (MP) was performed by stereoscope images and infrared spectrometry analysis (FTIR), respectively. The results showed predominance of microplastics in the form of fibers in the samples analyzed. Finally, the study identified the presence of 04 types of microplastics in the species Chelon Labrosus, including cellophane, polyvinylpyrrolidone, poly (4-methycaprolactam) and poly (2, 2, 2-trifluoroethyl vinyl ether), and evidence that microplastic contamination is an emerging threat to that species, which will allow future studies to explain the factors that influence the occurrence of MP in the water and its influence on other marine species.
Residuos de industria de aceite de soja para incrementar aptitud del suelo y rendimiento en cultivo de Lactuca sativa
(LACCEI Inc., 2021-07) Tarazona Valenzuela, Yaniny T.; Castañeda Olivera, Carlos A.; Benites Alfaro, Elmer
Uno de los desechos de la industria del aceite de soja es la tierra de tonsil. Así, en este trabajo de investigación se evaluó el comportamiento de esos residuos industriales en la agricultura. Para ello, se realizó un trabajo experimental con la siembra de Lactuca sativa utilizando diferentes dosis de tierra tonsil (10, 15, 20 y 25%), evaluando cuál de estas dosis es más adecuada para obtener una mejor producción. Se determinó que la tierra de tonsil afecta favorablemente la aptitud del suelo, y consecuentemente mejora el rendimiento de la Lactuca sativa. Se evidenció que la dosis de tierra tonsil de 10% es adecuada para mejorar los parámetros fisicoquímicos del suelo de cultivo como fósforo (P), potasio (K) y capacidad de intercambio catiónico (CIC). Finalmente, se concluye que la tierra de tonsil es una alternativa favorable para mejorar la aptitud de los suelos que podrían ser aprovechados para el cultivo de la Lactuca sativa.
Solar energy in the treatment of arsenic-contaminated surface waters
(LACCEI Inc., 2021-07) Chapa Tomanguilla, Llerlin; Castañeda Olivera, Carlos A.; Benites Alfaro, Elmer
Surface water contaminated with arsenic as a result of anthropogenic activities or naturally occurring events is harmful to health and the environment. Thus, the research proposed to use solar energy as a technology for the treatment of arsenic-contaminated water from the Rimac river in Lima, Peru. The treatment consisted of using solar radiation with an average rate of 550.18 W/m2, with the presence of iron wire as an absorbent and lemon juice as a catalyst. The results showed that arsenic was reduced from 1.64 mg/L to 0.128 mg/L (92.2% efficiency), using 4g of iron wire and 6 mL of lemon juice. The resulting treatment data were statistically processed by multiple linear regression, and the linear model was found to be: Y = 0.417 + 0.0930X1 + 0.0234X2 - 0.0014X3; where X1 is the amount of iron wire (g), X2 is the lemon juice (mL) and X3 is the solar radiation (W/m2). Finally, it is concluded that the method is effective in the reduction of arsenic in surface water with the advantage of being easy to use, low cost and environmentally friendly.