2020 LACCEI - Virtual Edition
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://axces.info/handle/10.18687/48
“Engineering, Integration, And Alliances for A Sustainable Development” “Hemispheric Cooperation for Competitiveness and Prosperity on A Knowledge-Based Economy”. Virtual Edition. July 27 - 31, 2020
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Item Integrated Application of Cleaner Production on a University Campus(LACCEI Inc., 2020-07) Nahui-Ortiz, Johnny; Camarena-Gamarra, Caroline; Mendoza, AlejandroCleaner production is gaining increased attention worldwide. The objective of the present work is the integrated application of cleaner production on a university campus. A university campus involves several activities including academic and administrative tasks that are carried out along the entire year. Opportunities for efficient use of energy, water, fuels, and other resources, are identified in order to establish the cost-benefit associated with its eventual implementation. Their feasibility evaluation should consider technological, economic, and environmental aspects involved in order to assess potential cost savings and the corresponding payback time. Potential impacts on utility bills can be rather significant and depend on the nature of the cleaner production strategy to be implemented, including best practices, replacement of current equipment and components with more efficient units, as well as adoption of best available technologies. Annual usage of energy, water, fuels, ink, and paper on a university campus was collected. It was found that total annual cost accounted for 1’471,863 US$. Potential annual cost savings were estimated as 267,304 US$. Implementation cost was estimated as 276,200 US$ with an overall payback time of 1.03 years. In addition to that, cleaner production measures for electricity and fuels would lead to a carbon dioxide emissions reduction of 57.27 tons/yr.Item Analytical Model for Energy-Ecoefficiency based on Life Cycle Analysis(LACCEI Inc., 2020-07) Nahui-Ortiz, Johnny; Camarena-Gamarra, Caroline; Mendoza, AlejandroEcoefficiency involves a number of possible strategies oriented to improve the use of resources in any organization. Potential improvements include products, processes, and services. There are different strategies oriented to improve ecoefficiency levels at organizations by optimizing the use of resources. Energy, by all means, plays a key role for ecoefficiency at all levels. Traditional cost-benefit analysis is based on simple payback or equivalent. Life Cycle Analysis makes an important contribution to cost-benefit analysis evaluation by incorporating aspects associated raw materials, production, distribution, end use, and disposal. Evaluation of potential savings attributed to ecoefficiency strategies may then be considered in a more sustainable framework incorporating aspects from an LCA perspective. For illustration purposes, a small manufacturing plant located in Lima, Peru is considered as a reference case. A typical measure associated with the use of a more efficient lighting system would save around 20% of total cost with a return on investment of about 2 years. The amount of electricity saved would also have impacts within an LCA approach, considering for instance the nature of the national electricity grid. Also, the lamp to be purchased for the more efficient lighting systems would also have impacts within an LCA approach, taking into account for instance the fabrication site of the lamp. By including an LCA approach into an energy-ecoefficiency management system, a more accurate payback calculation might be carried out.